Wang Anshun was born in Huixian county, Henan province. He began his professional career in July 1975 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in March 1984. He graduated from Nankai University with a master’s degree in political economy.
Wang Anshun is a member of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC, deputy to the 11th National People's Congress, deputy secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, acting mayor of Beijing municipality, secretary of the Party Leadership Group of Beijing municipality, chairman of the Beijing Municipal CPPCC, and secretary of the Party Leadership Group.
Wang has worked in the Petroleum Geology Authority in North China, the Petroleum Exploration Command Department in Jilin province, the Bureau of Petroleum Geology and Marine Geology (BPMG), the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, and the Ministry of Land and Resources.
In Gansu province, he served as a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Gansu Provincial Committee and minister of the Organization Department of the Gansu Provincial Committee.
In Shanghai municipality, he served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, minister of the Organization Department of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, deputy secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Committee, president of the Municipal Party School of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, and vice president of the China Executive Leadership Academy Pudong (CELAP).
In Beijing municipality, he served as deputy secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, secretary of the Politics and Law Committee of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee, secretary of the Education Working Committee of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee, chairman of the Beijing Municipal CPPCC, president of the Municipal Party School of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, and president of Beijing Administrative College.
On January 28, 2013 he was elected mayor of Beijing on the first session of the 14th Beijing Municipal People's Congress.