The first bombing on March 13 in Gengma county left five people dead, and the second, on May 14 in Zhenkang county, caused no deaths but left at least five injured, Xinhua reported.
Jia Duqiang, an expert on Southeast Asian studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the drill sends a signal that recent unrest in northern Myanmar still poses a threat to Chinese citizens along the border.
"China expects an early easing of the situation," and the drill also shows its determination to champion security in the area, Jia said.
Asked about the reasons for the drill, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said it is "a regular activity within the scope of the military's mission".
Responding to the bombings, Hua said the situation in northern Myanmar "is connected to the peace and tranquility" in the two countries' border areas.
Hua said China is calling for Myanmar to "maintain restraint, prevent the escalation of conflicts, to cool the situation as soon as possible" and avoid harming security and order in the border areas.
Hua said China also hopes that Myanmar can work with it to ensure peace in the border areas and to "promote the long-lasting, healthy and stable development of the China-Myanmar relationship".
President Xi Jinping told his Myanmar counterpart on the sidelines of an Asian-African summit in late April that China supports efforts to find a political solution to the unrest in northern Myanmar.
Xinhua contributed to this story.